Subway construction



(No Model.)

E. L. RANSOME. SUBWAY CONSTRUCTION.

No. 545,977. Patented Sept. 1o, 1895.

il l WIT/vessas /NVE/vToR ERNEST LESLIE RANSOME, or cuIcAeo, ILLINOIS.

-SUBWAY CONSTRUCTION.

SPECIFICATION forming-part of, Letters Patent No. 545,977, dated September 10, 189 5. Application tiled January 21, 1895. Serial No. 536,123. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, ERNEST LESLIE RAN SOME, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Subway Constructions, of

. which the following is a clear, exact, and full description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the Same.

My invention relates to that method of construction fully described in Letters Patent No. 353,500, dated November `30, 1886, and No. 515,014, dated February 20, 1394.; and it con- SiSts of an attachment to the Shaper of these molds for the purpose of forming drains in wet excavations.

The method of construction to which my present invention applies is as follows: The molding-machine consists usually of three principal parts-viz., the Shaper, the coremold, and the cap-mold. These are drawn along continuously over the site upon which the pipe or other structure is to be built, and as they travel the earth is excavated to the perimeter of the Shaper. Concrete is then placed along the sloping face of the core-mold into the Space between the subway thus formed by the Shaper and the core-mold and also between the core-mold and the cap-mold, thus forming a complete pipe.

In molding concrete structures in wet ground an essential feature of such work is the drainage of the ditch in which they are made in such a manner as to prevent any seepage Water from coming in contact with the concrete before it sets; and it is for the purpose of enabling such drainage to be et'- fectually and readily made that this attachment, hereinafter called the drainer, is provided.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a central longitudinal section of a portion of an excavation, showing also in section my improvement and as much of my previous device as is necessary to illustrate the connection between the two. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on line X X of Fig. 1,'and Figs. 3 and 4 are Similar sections showing the construction used when a large amount of draining is required.

The drawings represent a traveling mold used for molding concrete monolithically in situ. This mold consists of the following parts: coro-mold A, cap-mold B, Shaper'D, and drainer E.

C represents the concrete pipe; H, the rockdrain, also in Section, and K the tile-drain.

D is a semicircular shell and is the Shaper D of my Patent No. 515,014. The drainer E is another shell or drainer, somewhat larger, that iS placed in front of and is secu red to the Shaper Din the manner Shown. The forward nose of the shell E serves to trim the bottom and sides of the excavation to the required Shape. Secured to the inside of the drainer E and some little distance in front oi' the nose of the Shaper D is a plate F that serves to support broken rock in the rear and keep it separated from the earth trimmings in front. The whole device is drawn forward in the excavation in the ordinary manner by the chain or rope G. By preference the rear of the drainer is bifurcated after the manner of the Shaper of Letters Patent No. 353,500 aforesaid, and as shown in present drawings. This is for the purpose of harmonizing with the front part of the Shaper and of forming therewith a proper sloping recess at about the angle of repose of the rock used for the drain. The front also may be sloped after a Similar manner when desired in order to permit of compacting earth about the same, in adjusting the inequalities of the excavation, in asimilar way in which, in drier ground, earth is often packed aboutthe Shaper. This drainer E usually extends upward to the height of the Shaper, but it may be made of any height desired and of any shaped perimeter. The office ofthe Shaper D is to prepare the bed or foundation for the concrete pipe to be molded upon. In dry situations it does this by shaping, compactin g, and upholding the earth ahead of the concrete mold. Vhen the earth is wet enough to require drainage, the drainer E is attached to the front of the Shaper D, as Shown in Figs. l and 3. The excavation is now extended to the outline of the drainer E instead of to that of the Shaper D, and the extra space So acquired is filled up with rock, gravel, or other Suitable material such as is usually used for draining. The bed for the pipe is now formed IOO in this rock by the shaper D instead of in the earth as in drier sections, and the monolith is built thereon after my usual manner, as described in the Letters Patent previously mentioned.

In operation, while the drainer and shaper are being drawn along in the trench by rope G the excavation is completed by the front edges of the drainer or by hand when the earth is too hard for the drainer to trim it. The surplus earth, if any, beingremoved, suitable drainage rock or gravel is then fed into the aperture along and between the sloping front of the Shaper and the sloping rear ofthe drainer in sufticient quantities to till up the space between the bottom and sides of the excavation and the outside of the Shaper D.

The description so far given relates particularly to Figs l and 2. Where an amount of drainage is required greater than can well be carried ott through a strat um of broken rock, I put an extension tothe bottom of the drainer E and cut a sub-channel into which I drop tile through an aperture in the bottom just in front of the plate F, as shown in Figs. 8 and 4. The moving of the molding-machine forward and the depositing of these tile in succession leave a continuous open drain beneath the monolithic pipe. The broken rock is deposited over the tiling to form the bed for the pipe in the same manner as heretofore described.

A modified form of this last construction is shown in Fig. 5, in which ease two lines et tiling are deposited, one in each corner ofthe excavation. y

V'Vhat l claim isl. In combination with a traveling mold for forming monolithic pipe in situ, a drainer for enlarging the channel beneath the location at which the pipe is deposited for the purpose of forming a drainage space below said pipe.

2. In combination with a mold for forming monolithic pipe, n sz'ttaa drainer for enlarging the excavation to a size greater than that of the monolithic pipe to be deposited, and means for filling the extra space With a stratum of broken rock to form a bed for such pipe and furnish a drainage space beneath.

8. In combination with the front end of a mold for forming monolithic pipe n situ, a drainer for shaping the excavation to a required form and of a size larger than that necessary for the reception of the pipe, one or more openings through the bottom of said drainer for depositing a continuous line of tiling along the bottom ofthe excavation, and a second opening to the rear of the first mentioned opening for depositing a continuous bed of broken rock over said tiling and of the proper form and size for the reception ot' the pipe.

ERNEST LESLIE RANSOME.

Vitnesses:

STEPHEN T. MATHER, THos. THORKILDREN. 

